California's new SCP law may threaten trade secrets.
Under California’s Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) Safer Consumer Products (SCP) program, discussed last week, manufacturers may be required to publicly disclose the ingredients of those products that contain one or more chemicals deemed hazardous by the DTSC.
The regulations require DTSC to evaluate a list of Candidate Chemicals for development of an initial “Priority Products” list. (See overview [PDF]). If manufacturers of products on the Priority Products list choose not to remove the relevant chemicals, they will be required to disclose all product ingredients in an Alternatives Analysis (AA) report. The AA reports will include:
- the quantities of chemicals of concern used;
- the function of these chemicals and rationale behind their use;
- the brand and product names under which a product containing a chemical is sold or used;
- the identities of both the manufacturer and importer; potential adverse impacts associated with the product;
- disposal and handling requirements; and
- possible alternative chemicals the company has considered using.
DTSC will post these reports online and email them to interested parties for public review and comment. The state will also publicly announce notices of ongoing review, compliance, deficiency and disapproval.
The disclosure requirements may present potential hurdles to companies seeking to comply with the SCP regulations. First, companies that may not know the complete chemical make-up of their product ingredients will have to research their suppliers to gather more detailed information on their supply chains. Given the size of California’s economy, its product regulations could greatly affect global supply chains beyond state borders; if companies marketing products in California choose to reformulate their products in response to the SCP program, the impact will likely be felt throughout the country. Second, protecting confidential business information (CBI) might also complicate disclosure because, although some ingredients may be redacted if they are considered trade secrets, DTSC is entitled to deny such claims under certain circumstances.
Companies seeking to comply with the new rules may benefit from reviewing and documenting their strategies to protect trade secrets. Certain documentation is required by DTSC to substantiate trade secret claims. Companies may want to consider seeking patent protection for new products, new formulations of existing products, or new manufacturing methods. There may also be additional limited opportunities to obtain patents for existing products under the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act.